https://bibliotecadigital.infor.cl/handle/20.500.12220/47 2026-07-02T21:27:28Z https://bibliotecadigital.infor.cl/handle/20.500.12220/33197 Nutrient extraction through cones in Pinus pinea L. plantations Loewe Muñoz, Verónica; Del Río, Rodrigo; Bonomelli de Pinaga, Claudia María; Delard R., Claudia; Balzarini, Mónica Nuts of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) are considered the most valuable nuts in the world due to their culinary applications, unique nutritional composition and bioactive properties Pine nuts are traditionally harvested from native forests; management techniques are currently being developed to domesticate the species. Even though fertilization has been recognized as a tool to enhance cone and pine nut production, its application is mostly based on soil characteristics rather than on the amount of nutrients extracted from harvested cones. Information on nutrient extraction is scarce, even for stone pine producing countries. To address this gap, eight plantations were selected from a latitudinal range of the stone pine planted area in Chile, with contrasting (high and low) productivity levels. Ten healthy mature three-year-old cones were sampled in each plantation, weighed, dried, and processed to obtain three cone components: kernels, shells, and cone residues (scales and core). Cone components were chemically analyzed to quantify nutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn and Na). The distribution of nutrient extraction among cone components and the amount of nutrients extracted per ton of fresh cones were calculated. Nutrient extraction from stone pine cones differed among cone components, with the highest values corresponding to kernels. Nutrient extraction was not affected by plantation productivity level. Total N extraction was 3.5 kg ton−1, P extraction was 0.6 kg ton−1, and K extraction was 2.7 kg ton−1. Management practices based on stone pine cone nutritional extraction will result in an optimized, stable and sustainable cone production. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://bibliotecadigital.infor.cl/handle/20.500.12220/33192 Drought impact on Pinus pinea trees growing in non-native habitats Del Río, Rodrigo; Loewe Muñoz, Verónica; Cachinero-Vivar, A.; Camarero, J. Julio; Delard R., Claudia; Navarro Cerrillo, Rafael M.; Balzarini, Mónica 1 Póster 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://bibliotecadigital.infor.cl/handle/20.500.12220/33191 Factores de suelo que modulan el crecimiento y producción de conos en plantaciones jóvenes de Pinus pinea L. Loewe Muñoz, Verónica; Bonomelli de Pinaga, Claudia María; Del Río, Rodrigo; Delard R., Claudia; Balzarini, Mónica 1 Póster 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://bibliotecadigital.infor.cl/handle/20.500.12220/33189 Resilience of Pinus pinea L. Trees to Drought in Central Chile Based on Tree Radial Growth Methods Loewe Muñoz, Verónica; Del Río, Rodrigo; Delard R., Claudia; Cachinero-Vivar, A.; Camarero, J. Julio; Navarro Cerrillo, Rafael M.; Balzarini, Mónica The increasing occurrence of dry and hot summers generates chronic water deficits that negatively affect tree radial growth. This phenomenon has been widely studied in natural stands of native species but not in commercial plantations of exotic tree species. In central Chile, where the species is increasingly planted, the dynamics of stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) growth under drought have been little explored. We studied the impact of drought on four stone pine plantations growing in central Chile. We sampled and cross-dated a total of 112 trees from four sites, measured their tree-ring width (RWL) series, and obtained detrended series of ring width indices (RWIs). Then, we calculated three resilience indices during dry years (Rt, resistance; Rc, recovery; and Rs, resilience), and the correlations between the RWI series and seasonal climate variables. We found the lowest growth rate (1.94 mm) in the driest site (Peñuelas). Wet conditions in the previous winter and current spring favored growth. In the wettest site (Pastene), the growth rates were high (4.87 mm) and growth also increased in response to spring thermal amplitude. Overall, fast-growing trees were less resilient than slow-growing trees. Drought reduced stone pine stem growth and affected tree resilience to hydric deficit. At the stand level, growth rates and resistance were driven by winter and spring precipitation. Fast-growing trees were more resistant but showed less capacity to recover after a drought. In general, stone pine showed a high post-drought resilience due to a high recovery after drought events. The fact that we found high resilience in non-native habitats, opens new perspectives for stone pine cropping, revealing that it is possible to explore new areas to establish the species. We conclude that stone pine shows a good acclimation in non-native, seasonally dry environments. 12 páginas 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z