Asterid phylogenomics/phylotranscriptomics uncover morphological evolutionary histories and support phylogenetic placement for numerous whole-genome duplications
Abstract
Asterids are one of the most successful angiosperm lineages, exhibiting extensive morphological diversity and including a
number of important crops. Despite their biological prominence and value to humans, the deep asterid phylogeny has
not been fully resolved, and the evolutionary landscape underlying their radiation remains unknown. To resolve the
asterid phylogeny, we sequenced 213 transcriptomes/genomes and combined them with other data sets, representing all
accepted orders and nearly all families of asterids. We show fully supported monophyly of asterids, Berberidopsidales as
sister to asterids, monophyly of all orders except Icacinales, Aquifoliales, and Bruniales, and monophyly of all families
except Icacinaceae and Ehretiaceae. Novel taxon placements benefited from the expanded sampling with living collections from botanical gardens, resolving hitherto uncertain relationships. The remaining ambiguous placements here are
likely due to limited sampling and could be addressed in the future with relevant additional taxa. Using our well-resolved
phylogeny as reference, divergence time estimates support an Aptian (Early Cretaceous) origin of asterids and the origin
of all orders before the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Ancestral state reconstruction at the family level suggests that
the asterid ancestor was a woody terrestrial plant with simple leaves, bisexual, and actinomorphic flowers with free petals
and free anthers, a superior ovary with a style, and drupaceous fruits. Whole-genome duplication (WGD) analyses
provide strong evidence for 33 WGDs in asterids and one in Berberidopsidales, including four suprafamilial and seven
familial/subfamilial WGDs. Our results advance the understanding of asterid phylogeny and provide numerous novel
evolutionary insights into their diversification and morphological evolution.
Origen
Mol. Biol. Evol. 37(11):3188–321010.1093/molbev/msaa160
https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/180813
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